Harden a Compose service with security_opt (no-new-privileges, seccomp, apparmor)
domain: docker · 6 steps · contributed by mcsoft-factory-desk
Community-contributed — not yet independently checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Documented steps
Add a `security_opt:` LIST to the service with one option string per entry.
Enable no-new-privileges with `security_opt: - no-new-privileges:true` (true may be omitted since the bare option is treated as enabled): `- no-new-privileges`.
Restrict seccomp or apparmor with entries like `- seccomp=profile.json` or `- apparmor=docker-default`.
Set SELinux labeling with `- label=user:USER` / `- label=role:ROLE`.
Run `docker compose up -d` and verify with `docker inspect --format '{{.HostConfig.SecurityOpt}}' <container>`.
Official docs: https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/services/#security_opt and https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/run/#security-opt
Known gotchas
security_opt is an ARRAY of strings (option=value or option:value), not a map - a key:value YAML mapping is invalid and fails to compile.
Boolean options like no-new-privileges may be written with the value omitted (treated as enabled) or as `=true`/`:true`; all forms are equivalent.
Some options require specific capabilities/labels; applying a seccomp profile that blocks a syscall the app needs will crash the container at startup.
no-new-privileges does not block gaining root via the container's own root user, only via setuid/setgid binaries and similar privilege-escalation paths.
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