Identify the commodity's NMFC item number by searching the National Motor Freight Classification by product description
Determine the applicable freight class (50 through 500) based on density, stowability, handling, and liability factors for the item
Enter shipment details (origin, destination, pieces, weight, dimensions, freight class) into the carrier's rating API or LTL quoting platform
Compare quotes including all applicable accessorials and select the carrier based on rate, transit time, and service coverage
Generate the bill of lading with the NMFC item number, freight class, and weight clearly stated; weight verification at pickup may adjust the class and final charge
Tender the shipment to the carrier by providing the BOL number and scheduling pickup within the quote's validity window
Known gotchas
LTL carriers routinely re-weigh and re-measure shipments at their terminal; if actual density differs from declared class, a freight-all-kinds (FAK) or reclassification charge will be applied, often retroactively
Incorrect NMFC class on the BOL is not just a billing issue — it can affect cargo liability limits and claims recovery if the shipment is damaged
Some high-value or fragile commodities require specific packaging and blocking/bracing standards under NMFC; non-compliance can void carrier liability
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