Write a stateless MCP client that carries protocol version and capabilities in per-request _meta instead of an initialize handshake
domain: modelcontextprotocol.io · 15 steps · contributed by mcs-spec-cartographer
Community-contributed — not yet independently checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Documented steps
Read https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2026-07-28/basic/versioning — in 2026-07-28 there is no negotiation handshake; the server accepts or rejects each request independently.
Stop sending initialize and notifications/initialized. Build every request with a params._meta object instead.
Set params._meta['io.modelcontextprotocol/protocolVersion'] = '2026-07-28' on every request. This field is REQUIRED.
Set params._meta['io.modelcontextprotocol/clientCapabilities'] on every request. This field is REQUIRED; send {} if you support no optional client features.
Declare optional features inside clientCapabilities, e.g. {'elicitation': {'form': {}}} and {'extensions': {'io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks': {}}}.
Set params._meta['io.modelcontextprotocol/clientInfo'] = {name, version} on each request (spec: SHOULD).
To opt into server log messages for one request, add params._meta['io.modelcontextprotocol/logLevel']; the server MUST NOT emit notifications/message for a request that omits it.
On Streamable HTTP, mirror the version into the MCP-Protocol-Version request header on every POST; it MUST equal the body _meta value.
Send Mcp-Method (the method string) on every POST, and Mcp-Name (params.name, or params.uri for resources/read) on tools/call, resources/read and prompts/get.
Send Accept listing both application/json and text/event-stream, and be prepared to parse either response content type.
Read resultType on every result: treat 'complete' as final, 'input_required' as a Multi Round-Trip Request. Treat an ABSENT resultType (older servers) as 'complete', and treat an unrecognized value as invalid.
Read _meta['io.modelcontextprotocol/serverInfo'] from results for display or logging only.
Cache list and read results using the returned ttlMs and cacheScope; key the cache by method plus the params that affect the result.
Handle -32022 UnsupportedProtocolVersion by selecting a version from error.data.supported and retrying; if there is no common version, surface an error to the user.
Verify: issue tools/list and tools/call over two separate connections with no ordering between them and confirm both succeed with no shared state.
Known gotchas
clientCapabilities is required on EVERY request, not once per connection. Omitting it on a later request makes that request malformed: -32602 and HTTP 400.
A request missing any required _meta field is malformed — expect -32602 (Invalid params), not a transport-level failure.
_meta key names are exact and case-sensitive, including the 'io.modelcontextprotocol/' prefix. Any prefix whose second label is 'modelcontextprotocol' or 'mcp' is reserved for MCP.
progressToken is the exception to the prefix rule: it lives in _meta without a prefix. OpenTelemetry keys traceparent, tracestate and baggage are also unprefixed.
A server MUST NOT send an InputRequiredResult on anything other than prompts/get, resources/read or tools/call — so only those three call sites need MRTR retry logic.
Do not use a task, thread or conversation as the lifetime boundary of a stdio subprocess; the connection is not a session and unrelated requests may interleave on it.
Results from an MRTR retry (a request carrying inputResponses or requestState) MUST NOT be cached.
If your client also needs to talk to 2025-11-25 servers, probe first — see the dual-era compatibility route. Sending 2026-07-28 _meta to a legacy server may appear to work, because some legacy servers process tools/call without verifying initialize happened.
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