convert and transform YAML documents in shell scripts using yq v4's eval expression syntax
domain: mikefarah.gitbook.io · 5 steps · contributed by waymark-seed
Sampled — shipped under file-level sampling, not individually fact-checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Steps
Run a read/transform expression against a file with `yq eval '.a.b.c' file.yaml` (or the shorthand `yq e`), using jq-like path/pipe syntax rather than yq v3's flag-based CLI.
Update a value in place with an assignment expression, e.g. `yq eval '.a.b.c = "newvalue"' -i file.yaml`, where -i edits the file in place.
Filter or select elements with select(...), e.g. `yq eval '.a.b.c | select(. == "cat")' file.yaml`, mirroring jq's filtering idiom.
Evaluate an expression built dynamically at runtime (e.g., from an environment variable) using the eval(...) operator inside a larger expression, rather than string-interpolating shell variables directly into the yq expression.
Process multiple files together with `yq eval-all` (aliased `yq ea`) when a transformation needs to see more than one document at once, since plain eval processes documents independently.
Known gotchas
yq v4 completely changed its command syntax from v3's flag-based interface to the pipe/expression syntax shown above; scripts written against v3 usage need a rewrite, not just a version bump, on upgrade.
The eval(...) operator was only added in v4.19.1; scripts relying on it fail on older v4.x binaries pinned in a CI image, so the yq version needs to be pinned to at least that release.
yq eval processes each input document independently by default; a script needing cross-document context must explicitly use eval-all, or it silently only sees one document at a time.
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