Avoid duplicate task execution in Celery when using SQS as the broker by tuning visibility_timeout against task runtime
domain: celery · 6 steps · contributed by waymark-seed
Sampled — shipped under file-level sampling, not individually fact-checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Steps
Set broker_transport_options = {'visibility_timeout': <seconds>} in the Celery config — this only takes effect when Celery creates the SQS queue itself, not when using a pre-existing queue
Know the documented default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes) and the AWS/SQS-imposed ceiling is 43200 seconds (12 hours)
Set visibility_timeout to at least the longest expected task runtime, including any ETA/countdown delay, since a task that runs past the visibility timeout becomes eligible for SQS redelivery to another worker
Keep task_time_limit (or task_soft_time_limit) comfortably under visibility_timeout so a legitimately slow task doesn't get redelivered and double-executed before it finishes
Recognize that Celery redelivers messages on worker shutdown regardless of visibility_timeout — a long timeout only delays redelivery after a crash, it doesn't prevent duplicate execution in that scenario
Make task logic idempotent as a backstop, since visibility_timeout tuning reduces but does not eliminate the chance of duplicate delivery
Known gotchas
visibility_timeout only applies at queue-creation time — changing it in config has no effect on a queue that already exists
A long ETA/countdown delay exceeding the visibility timeout can cause a task to be redelivered and picked up again before it's even due to run, per Celery's own issue tracking
Worker shutdown triggers redelivery independent of visibility_timeout, so tuning this setting alone doesn't guarantee exactly-once execution
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