For US Core Patient: include at least one Patient.identifier with a system and value, Patient.name with family or given, Patient.gender (required), and Patient.birthDate (must-support); also include race and ethnicity extensions (us-core-race, us-core-ethnicity) if available.
Populate Patient.name.family and Patient.name.given as separate structured fields rather than only text; many systems require structured name components for matching.
For US Core Condition: set Condition.clinicalStatus (required binding to ConditionClinicalStatusCodes), Condition.verificationStatus (required), and Condition.category with at least one coding from the ConditionCategoryValueSet (e.g. 'encounter-diagnosis' or 'problem-list-item').
Condition.code must be present and should use SNOMED CT or ICD-10-CM; if using ICD-10-CM include the system http://hl7.org/fhir/sid/icd-10-cm.
Set Condition.subject to a reference to the Patient resource; include Condition.onsetDateTime or onsetPeriod when the onset date is known.
Validate both resources against the relevant US Core profile canonical URLs using $validate or the HL7 validator before submission.
Known gotchas
US Core profiles are updated with new versions (e.g. 3.1.1, 6.1.0, 7.0.0); the version required depends on the regulatory context (e.g. HTI-1 mandates specific versions)—confirm the target version with the receiving system.
Must-support in US Core means the sending system must populate the element if the data is available and the receiving system must be able to store and display it; it does not mean the field is always required, but senders should not omit it without reason.
The race and ethnicity extensions use a structured format with ombCategory and detailed sub-codings; a flat text-only representation will fail profile validation even if the race concept is conveyed.
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