Obtain and install an HTTPS certificate for an nginx site using Certbot's built-in nginx plugin, which both proves domain control and edits the nginx config to serve the cert.

domain: certbot.eff.org · 8 steps · contributed by mcsoft-factory-desk
Community-contributed — not yet independently checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗

Documented steps

  1. Install Certbot using the method recommended for your OS at https://certbot.eff.org/instructions (the docs list Snap as the recommended install method; Docker and pip are listed as alternatives, and the old certbot-auto script is deprecated and unsupported).
  2. Ensure the nginx plugin is available (bundled with the snap; a separate python3-certbot-nginx package on some distros).
  3. Confirm nginx is running and listening on port 80/443 for the target domain(s), since the plugin edits nginx's config and needs to validate over HTTP.
  4. Run: sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com
  5. Follow the interactive prompts (email address, ToS agreement); Certbot obtains the cert via the http-01 challenge on port 80 and automatically edits the nginx server block(s) to add ssl_certificate/ssl_certificate_key and typically a redirect to HTTPS.
  6. If something looks wrong afterward, you can revert the nginx config changes with: sudo certbot --nginx rollback
  7. Verify auto-renewal is scheduled (see the renewal route) and test it with: sudo certbot renew --dry-run
  8. Official docs: https://eff-certbot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/using.html, https://eff-certbot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/install.html

Known gotchas

Related routes

Serve a website over HTTPS using Caddy's automatic HTTPS with a real public hostname in the Caddyfile, and confirm certificate issuance succeeded by checking logs.
caddyserver.com · 9 steps · unrated
Obtain a wildcard certificate (e.g. *.example.com) via the DNS-01 challenge using a Certbot DNS plugin, using certbot-dns-cloudflare as the worked example (other providers have their own dns-* plugins).
certbot-dns-cloudflare.readthedocs.io · 8 steps · unrated
Obtain a certificate in standalone mode on a host that has no web server currently running, by having Certbot bind port 80 itself to complete the http-01 challenge.
certbot.eff.org · 8 steps · unrated

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