Upload a file to OneDrive or SharePoint via Microsoft Graph, using a simple PUT for small files and a resumable chunked upload session for large files.

Documented steps

1. For files up to 250 MB: PUT https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive/root:/{parent-path}/{filename}:/content (or /drives/{drive-id}/items/{parent-id}:/{filename}:/content, /sites/{site-id}/drive/...) with the request body set to the raw binary stream of the file. Success returns 201 Created (new file) with a driveItem JSON body.
2. To replace an existing file's content, PUT to /drives/{drive-id}/items/{item-id}/content or /me/drive/items/{item-id}/content.
3. For files exceeding the 250 MB simple-PUT limit, create an upload session: POST /me/drive/items/{parentItemId}:/{fileName}:/createUploadSession with JSON body {"item": {"@microsoft.graph.conflictBehavior": "rename|replace|fail", "name": "filename.txt"}}; optionally set "deferCommit": true to require an explicit final commit request.
4. The createUploadSession response (200 OK) returns {"uploadUrl": "https://...", "expirationDateTime": "..."}. Each fragment upload extends expirationDateTime; if no fragments arrive before it passes, all uploaded bytes are discarded.
5. Upload bytes with sequential PUT requests to the uploadUrl (no Authorization header on these PUTs — including it can cause HTTP 401). Each request must include Content-Length and Content-Range: bytes {start}-{end}/{totalFileSize}; the declared total size must be identical across all fragments.
6. Each fragment size MUST be a multiple of 320 KiB (327,680 bytes), and any single request must be under 60 MiB; documented best practice is ~5-10 MiB fragments for resumable transfers. Fragments must be uploaded strictly in order.
7. Intermediate fragment responses return 202 Accepted with {"expirationDateTime":..., "nextExpectedRanges": ["26-"]}; the final fragment returns 201 Created or 200 OK with the completed driveItem. To resume after a dropped connection, GET the uploadUrl to retrieve nextExpectedRanges; to cancel, DELETE the uploadUrl (204 No Content).
8. Docs: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/driveitem-put-content?view=graph-rest-1.0 ; https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/driveitem-createuploadsession?view=graph-rest-1.0