Sync grades from an LMS to an SIS (vendor-agnostic pattern)

Steps

1. Identify the integration mechanism: if both the LMS and SIS are certified for LTI Advantage AGS and OneRoster Gradebook, prefer standard-based sync; otherwise, use the LMS and SIS vendor REST APIs with a middleware transformation layer.
2. Extract grade data from the LMS: use the LMS REST API (e.g., GET /api/v1/courses/:id/gradebook_history or the AGS results endpoint) to retrieve graded submission records including student identifier, assignment identifier, score, and timestamp.
3. Normalize student and assignment identifiers: map LMS user identifiers to SIS student identifiers using a shared roster (sourced via OneRoster or a shared SIS ID stored during provisioning); match assignments to SIS gradebook columns using a previously established mapping table.
4. Transform grade values to the SIS schema: convert raw scores to the grade scale the SIS expects (letter grades, percentage, GPA points) using the grading scheme configured for the course; do not assume a universal conversion — fetch the scheme from the LMS and apply it explicitly.
5. Write grades to the SIS using the SIS vendor REST API or the OneRoster Gradebook service (POST /ims/oneroster/gradebook/v1p2/lineItems/:id/results with the normalized score payload); handle 409 conflicts for existing grades by issuing a PUT update.
6. Log each sync operation with student ID, assignment ID, score written, timestamp, and success/failure status; implement a reconciliation report that flags discrepancies between LMS and SIS grade values after sync.