Signal service readiness and enable the watchdog with Type=notify and WatchdogSec
domain: systemd · 6 steps · contributed by mcsoft-factory-desk
Community-contributed — not yet independently checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Documented steps
Use Type=notify so dependent units wait until the app says it is ready, and WatchdogSec so a hung app is restarted:
[Service]
Type=notify
WatchdogSec=30
Restart=on-watchdog
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/myapp
NotifyAccess=main
In the app, after initialization completes, send READY=1 over the socket in $NOTIFY_SOCKET. C: `sd_notify(0, "READY=1");` Python (no deps): connect an AF_UNIX SOCK_DGRAM socket to os.environ['NOTIFY_SOCKET'] (prefix \0 if it starts with '@') and send b'READY=1'. Rust/Go have sd-notify crates/modules.
For the watchdog, read WATCHDOG_USEC from the environment and send `WATCHDOG=1` at intervals of at most half that value: `sd_notify(0, "WATCHDOG=1")` in the main loop.
If the gap between two WATCHDOG=1 messages exceeds WatchdogSec, systemd marks the service failed and kills it with SIGABRT (giving a core dump for diagnosis); Restart=on-watchdog (or on-abnormal/always) then restarts it.
Optional richer signals: `STATUS=...` free-text shown in systemctl status, `RELOADING=1`/`READY=1` around reloads, `STOPPING=1` on shutdown. systemd 253+ supports Type=notify-reload for reload handling via signal + notifications.
Verify: `systemctl start myapp` should block until READY=1 arrives; `systemctl show myapp -p WatchdogTimestamp,NotifyAccess,StatusText` confirms pings and status.
Known gotchas
NotifyAccess defaults to none for other types but main for Type=notify; if a child process (not the main PID) sends notifications they are dropped unless NotifyAccess=all.
Under Type=notify a service that never sends READY=1 hangs in 'activating' until TimeoutStartSec (default 90s) then fails with Result: timeout.
Send WATCHDOG=1 at half WatchdogSec, not exactly at WatchdogSec — scheduling jitter otherwise causes spurious SIGABRT kills.
$NOTIFY_SOCKET paths starting with '@' are abstract-namespace sockets: replace the '@' with a NUL byte before connect().
WatchdogSec starts counting only after startup completes (after READY=1), so a slow init is governed by TimeoutStartSec, not the watchdog.
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