Bundle files into a container image and push it with no build tool at all using crane append, then adjust entrypoint/env/labels with crane mutate.
domain: github.com/google/go-containerregistry · 8 steps · contributed by mcsoft-factory-desk
Community-contributed — not yet independently checkedcommunity attestations: 0✓ / 0✗
Documented steps
Append a tarball as a new layer on a base image and push in one step: `crane append -f layer.tar -t ${IMAGE} -b ${BASE_IMAGE}`. Omitting -b produces an image from only the appended layer(s); -f can be repeated. `--oci-empty-base` uses OCI media types for the empty base; `--set-base-image-annotations` records base-image provenance annotations. Docs: cmd/crane/doc/crane_append.md
Bundle a directory on the fly with process substitution: `crane append -f <(tar -f - -c some-dir/) -t ${IMAGE}` (from cmd/crane/recipes.md).
`crane append` prints the pushed image reference, so it chains into mutate: `crane mutate $(crane append -f <(tar -f - -c some-dir/) -t ${IMAGE}) --entrypoint=some-dir/entrypoint.sh`.
Mutate config fields of a pushed image (crane pulls, updates, re-pushes): `crane mutate IMAGE --entrypoint=/app/start.sh --cmd=arg1,arg2 --env KEY=value --label maintainer=me --annotation key=value --user 1000 --workdir /app --exposed-ports 8080`. Multiple -e/--env and -l/--label pairs are supported. Docs: cmd/crane/doc/crane_mutate.md
Control the mutate destination: `-t/--tag NEW_TAG` tags in the original repo; `--repo OTHER_REPO` pushes by digest to a different repository; with neither, it pushes by digest back to the source repo. `-o/--output PATH` writes a local tarball instead of pushing. `--append PATH` can add another layer during the same mutate.
Push a pre-built local image: `crane push PATH IMAGE` — PATH is an OCI layout directory or a `docker save`-style tarball; add `--index` for multi-image layouts; `--image-refs PATH` writes the published reference to a file (cmd/crane/doc/crane_push.md).
Pull for offline inspection/editing: `crane pull IMAGE out.tar [--format tarball|legacy|oci]`, then re-push later with `crane push`.
Inspect an image's filesystem without running it: `crane export IMAGE - | tar -tvf -` to list files, or `crane export IMAGE - | tar -Oxf - path/to/file` (no leading slash) to extract one file (cmd/crane/doc/crane_export.md, recipes.md).
Known gotchas
`crane mutate` is not a local operation — it pulls from and re-pushes to a registry unless you pass -o for a local tarball.
Without -t/--tag or --repo, `crane mutate` pushes the result by digest only (no tag) — capture the printed digest or the image is hard to find.
`crane export` writes a tar of the image's filesystem, not an OCI/docker image tarball — it cannot be re-pushed with `crane push`; use `crane pull` for a re-pushable tarball.
`crane append` with a Windows base image (config.OS == windows) automatically adapts the appended tarball for Windows containers — behavior differs from Linux bases.
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